鸡蛋、乳制品、豆类、豆腐、坚果和种子都是很好的素食蛋白质来源。研究表明,食用过多的动物肉类实际上有害健康,并可能导致某些疾病和癌症。植物性蛋白质来源的益处众多。这些食物可以通过多种方式轻松融入您的饮食,让您的饮食更加丰富,同时增加有益营养素的摄入。
本周目标:
了解素食蛋白质来源以及如何最好地将其纳入您的饮食。
鸡蛋
鸡蛋是蛋白质和许多其他微量营养素的极佳来源,包括铁、维生素 B12、锌、叶酸和维生素 B6。鸡蛋用途广泛,而且与动物肉类相比,它是一种更便宜的蛋白质来源。鸡蛋是早餐的绝佳选择,也可以用来快速制作晚餐煎蛋卷或蔬菜煎蛋饼。煮鸡蛋也是一道很棒的小吃!
煮鸡蛋的最佳方法是水煮或水煮,因为这两种方法不需要额外添加油脂。如果您喜欢炒蛋或煎蛋,请使用不粘锅或少量健康食用油,以将卡路里摄入量降至最低。
乳制品
乳制品包括牛奶、奶酪和酸奶。除了提供蛋白质外,乳制品也是膳食中最浓缩的钙来源。钙对于强健骨骼和牙齿至关重要,也能维持神经和肌肉的正常运作。乳制品还提供其他必需营养素,例如钾、镁、锌、维生素B12和核黄素。更具体地说,酸奶是益生菌的膳食来源,益生菌是一种有益于肠道健康的有益细菌。
建议选择低脂乳制品,而不是全脂乳制品,因为它们饱和脂肪含量更低,更有利于心脏健康。选择无糖天然酸奶,其含糖量低于调味酸奶。
尽量每天摄入两到三份低脂乳制品,以确保满足您的钙需求。一份低脂乳制品相当于:
1 杯加钙牛奶或豆奶
¾ 杯酸奶
2 片奶酪(50 克)
豆类
豆类是一类蔬菜,包括扁豆、菜豆、去皮豌豆和鹰嘴豆。它们是蛋白质的良好来源,并提供一系列其他必需营养素,包括锌、镁、钙、叶酸、硫胺素和植物营养素。
豆类低脂肪、高纤维,是帮助控制体重的绝佳选择。以下是一些在饮食中增加豆类摄入量的技巧:
在食品储藏室中常备一些罐装豆类、扁豆或鹰嘴豆,并将它们添加到汤、沙拉和炖菜中。
将鹰嘴豆与柠檬汁、芝麻酱和大蒜混合,即可快速制作鹰嘴豆泥,可用作蘸酱或涂抹酱。
用扁豆、芸豆或白扁豆代替食谱中的部分肉类。这道菜非常适合搭配意大利肉酱面、千层面、牧羊人派和砂锅菜。
豆腐
豆腐是一种柔软的白色植物蛋白,由豆浆制成。它脂肪含量低,是膳食中钙、铁和镁的来源。豆腐本身味道很淡,但能为菜肴增添质感。它几乎可以用于任何菜肴,因为它能与烹饪时所用食材的味道完美融合。豆腐可以生吃,也可以炖、炒、加到汤里或做成酱汁。
坚果和种子
坚果和种子很容易添加到早餐麦片、冰沙中,也可以作为简单的零食。与豆类不同,坚果和种子的脂肪含量更高。它们含有健康的脂肪——单不饱和脂肪和多不饱和脂肪。这些脂肪被称为“好”脂肪,因为它们具有诸多健康益处,包括降低胆固醇水平、减少炎症和患心脏病的风险。
虽然坚果和种子中的脂肪是“好”脂肪,但饮食中的脂肪摄入量仍应限制,因为脂肪热量高,可能导致体重增加。因此,务必选择少量食用坚果和种子。
Legumes
Legumes are a class of vegetables that include lentils, beans, split peas and chickpeas. They are a good source of protein and provide a range of other essential nutrients including zinc, magnesium, calcium, folic acid, thiamine and phytonutrients.
Legumes are low in fat and high in fibre, making them excellent choices for helping to manage weight. Here are some tips on including more legumes in your diet:
Keep canned beans, lentils or chickpeas in your pantry and add them to soups, salads and stews.
Blend chickpeas with lemon juice, tahini and garlic to make a quick hummus which can be used as a dip or spread.
Replace some of the meat in your recipes with lentils, kidney beans or cannellini beans. This works well with spaghetti Bolognese, lasagne, shepherd's pie and casseroles.
Tofu
Tofu is a soft white vegetable source of protein made from soy milk. It is low in fat and provides a source of calcium, iron and magnesium in the diet. Tofu has very little flavour on its own, but adds a great texture to dishes. It can be used in just about any meal as it takes on the taste of the ingredients you use when cooking. Tofu can be included raw in a dish, or it can be stewed, stir-fried, added to soup or cooked in a sauce.
Nuts and seeds
Nuts and seeds can easily be added to breakfast cereals, smoothies or included as a simple snack. Unlike legumes, nuts and seeds are higher in fat. The type of fat found in them is the healthy kind - monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat. These are called the ‘good’ fats due to their many health benefits including lowering cholesterol levels, reducing inflammation and risk of heart disease.
Although the fats found in nuts and seeds are ‘good’ fats, the amount of fat in the diet should still be limited, as fats are high in calories and may lead to weight gain. Therefore, be sure to choose small portions of nuts and seeds.
本周重点信息:
素食蛋白质来源包括鸡蛋、乳制品、豆类、豆腐、坚果和种子。
每天在饮食中加入多种此类食物,因为它们除了提供重要的蛋白质外,还能提供多种微量营养素。